Ethical issues in the courts free pdf download

Featuring a balanced and modern presentation, this book not only looks at the basic structure of the court system and court process, but also covers cutting-edge topics and all sides of the most controversial issues facing courts today. This student-friendly text does not presuppose any knowledge about the courts or how they operate.

Ethical medical practice and treatment in psychiatry are based on the concept of first do no harm. However, this cannot, and does not, apply to forensic cases where there is no doctor-patient relationship and the forensic psychiatrist may indeed cause harm to the examinee. Download full-text PDF Download full-text Ethical issues have become important to leadership and management practice as a result of many well known cases of failure by organizations and.

Ethical, Legal and Professional Issues in Computing provides a comprehensive treatment of the issues facing computer professionals in today's modern, working.

This is just one. Britney Marsh's Ownd. Several dilemma causing ethical problems include; strong motive to please the authority and even disregard i.

There is no clear linkage between business ethics and their ethical standards in order to please the authority. This financial success by organizations with several cases of is also an opportunity for authority to show leadership in thriving and successful unethical organizations and ethical issues through role modelling. It is not possible to clearly establish the correct balance 4.

This overconfidence often leads them iii. Ethical investments have got very long gestation to make decisions without proper ethical reflection periods and so it takes very long to realize the benefits increasing changes of making unethical decisions. Framing: This involves making issues look different from iv. It is often not clear on exactly how much one is what they really are for example making a pure technical required to invest in business ethics to be considered issue look like mere business issues.

As a result, people fair or acceptable, a leeway that is a potential cause of change decision framework creating opportunity to make dilemma. A good example is that of collapsed Enron where many unethical decisions 4. As Fernando [5] posits, ethical challenges and less ethical decisions than they should have done.

Failure of individuals personal character that leads him they enjoy gains of equal size make them willing to make engage in unethical conduct riskier and even less ethical decisions to avoid losses so as ii. Organizational goals and social values which are not to secure an equivalent gain.

Hazardous but very profitable products which motivates Incrementalism: Quite often, people make business many to engage in unethical practices mistakes and then unable to admit to them, start making iv. Conflict of personal values and organizational goals. Prentice [9] emphasizes that people loose ethical footing step Organizations also face ethical related problems when they by step and not abruptly. Because of the diversity of the problems and than is objectively justified. In confirmation type of bias, dilemmas, organizations should be aware of the ethical evidence is sought and interpreted in a way that validates dimensions and think as well as operate ethically.

Ethical existing beliefs, expectations or hypothesis at hand. Such considerations should be incorporated in the operations of self-bias can lead to justification of unethical actions and the organizations and employees should be prepared to think create an environment that encourages unethical practices.

In his view encountered in daily business activities. Fernando proposes Prentice [9] identifies a number of factors that a number of measures which include; contribute to unethical conducts. These factors or causes i. Implementation of ethical activities and behavior by are: developing in-house codes of ethics that is expected to be adhered to by the organization and its stakeholders.

Performance reviews or appraisals should include ethics can facilitate ethical or unethical behavior without even as an element of review sending a clear message to the realizing the difference. Continuously review ethical behavior by employees and 4. It is iv. Carry out regular ethics audit for the organization and about quick results and quite often this is irrationally done.

Starrett explained that a code it avoid coercion, deception, manipulation? The of ethics provides some fundamental aspects of professional deontological approach is somehow inflexible Fernando, conduct and is central to advising individuals on how to [5].

Maintenance of high standard of professional of extend to which action actually help or hurt people. Always act and work with integrity in all situations you seem to contradict each other in theory, in actual practice find yourself in. Therefore in the process of iv.

Never discriminate against people for whatever reasons identifying practical solutions to ethical dilemmas, we v. Maintain professional relationship based on mutual should not ignore any of them. We should there consider the respect for individuals and organizations.

Never give up on your personal professional ethics for also consider the value in terms of effective benefits and anything less than its requirements. Respect and uphold confidential information to which you have access during your work or professional 5. Ethical Case Studies practice. Be always committed to your personal professional John works in the accounting department of a large firm.

While going over the books for the past several months, ix. Be honest and impartial in all your undertakings with James notices that someone has altered the figures to third parties increase earnings by several thousands of dollars. However, he worries that doing so will i. Encourage open communication between employees, jeopardize his job security and reputation with the company. Articulate organizational values in all undertakings with 5.

Employees should be trained and sensitized on ethical supports ethical conduct by its employees and that unethical behavior and conduct conducts need to be reported.

By failing to report this case, iv. Leaders should assume the responsibility of installing John is already part of the unethical conduct as he has ethical behavior. He fails to report v. Make organizational decisions to be committed to because he feels that by reporting he will jeopardize his job ethical conduct right from the top to the bottom of the security.

This suggests that the leadership has not been organizational structure. Leaders should recognize that they are role models by misconduct or has simply failed to clearly show workers the definition, actions, and by their values. John is also selfish because he is putting his interests first.

He is being It is necessary for organizations to put in place and enforce teleological in his analysis and handling of the ethical ethical standards so that workers have very little doubts as to dilemma because he disregards the fact that he has come what to do when faced with ethical dilemma and what their across a significant unethical issue just to protect himself organizations stand for which calls for consistency when Fernando, ; Northouse, [5, 8].

John demonstrates lack of personal values and ethics which demands that he acts with integrity and uphold professional 4. It also shows that unethical Fernando [5] suggests that to resolve an ethical issues thrive in this organization and by reporting it will question that creates dilemma, one should consider three alert the organization which definitely will take action since things, namely; Utility; whether the benefits exceed costs.

The fact evenly. He identifies two basic approaches in resolving that John works in accounting raises questions about his ethical dilemmas namely deontological and teleological.

The organization should enlighten its with the fact that it is performed by a rational and free employees about their personal professional ethics and person. When this approach is followed in analyzing an develop a code of conduct for all employees. While making ethical dilemma, a narrow focus is targeted. Questions to be its position on unethical issues clear through consistent answered include which actions are inherently good? Does it ethical decisions and role modeling Fernando, [5].

One of her corporate excellence and good relationship with its employees has noticed that one of the pieces on the most stakeholders, it follows corporate governance, a set of popular toy the company manufactures can detach from the acceptable rules that govern the administration and toy.

This detachment could pose a potential choking hazard management. Its targets are transparency, integrity, full to young children who play with the toy.

No customers have disclosure of financial and non-financial information, and yet reported problems with the toy. Values are the foundation of the corporate However, the recall would cost her company money and culture while ethics should be the basis of its business result in loss of sales during the busy Christmas season.

To manage 5. According to Fernando [5] Mary is The solution to ethical and unethical challenges lies within looking at the overall cost not the defect which is wrong.

Being ethical is about dilemma. She needs to be straight and clear on ethical issues playing fair and considerate, thinking about welfare of and set precedence to employees and this will encourage others not just yours and evaluating the consequences of them to act more and more ethically.

However, It is good to note that being transparent and open may not even if one grows up with a strong sense for good or bad, yield quick positive results but over time an organization the bad behavior of others can undermine his ethical sense wins the confidence of consumers.

Procter and gamble as well for example those who are unethical but are free, and withdrew Relytampton promptly when its use was appear to be very successful in the eyes of the public. These For the sake of being true to their own values and beliefs, companies did this to protect their reputation and were such leaders and followers are prepared to operate with the praised for their ethical conduct and so they built trust and imperative is: Do what is right whatever what.

Bass BM. New York: Free Press, From Transactional to Transformational The solution to the ethical dilemmas in these case studies Leadership: Learning to Share the Vision, Transformational leadership: Industrial, military and educational impact. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum, 6. Recommendations and conclusions Illegal and unethical behavior and conduct by organizations 4. Ethical and individual employees often impose great costs on leadership: A social learning perspective for construct businesses itself and society at large and should therefore be development and testing.

Organizational Behavior and stopped and avoided by all. It has been proved that Human Decision Processes. Fernando AC. Business Ethics and corporate corporations still operate and thrive which provides Governance 2nd ed. India: Pearson, Retrieved motivation for the undesirable behavior. So all stakeholders should 6.